How to Isolate the Sound
How to isolate the sound is an issue involves six basic principles: damping, decoupling, mass, resonance, absorption, and conduction. Each of these principles must be taken into consideration for maximizing the performance of your sound isolation project on how to isolate the sound.
Damping the Sound
Damping sound can be done for many things including ceilings, walls, pipes, floors, doors, sheet metal, isolation boxes, basically anything having low mass that will vibrate due to sound transfer. Between layers of wood or drywall most damping can be done using a damping compound like Green Glue Compound. Damping has the concept of converting sound vibrations to amounts of heat that cannot be seen.
Decoupling the objects
Decoupling means separation of objects. Resilient channel, resilient chips, staggered stud, and double stud framing are the different methods to decouple a ceiling or wall. The transfer of sound is through vibrations and if two materials have minimal contact or not touching, then there will be a great reduction of sound transmission.
Decoupling will be the best way to isolate both walls and ceilings from the minimum to maximum frequencies. For isolating impact footfall isolation in ceilings the key way is decoupling using resilient clips.
Sound Mass
The transfer of sound is through vibration. Vibration of a heavier partition is more difficult while vibration of a lightweight partition is easy. Considerable gains in isolation cannot be got by minimum increases in mass. If there is a layer of drywall on each side of your wall, then two more layers needs to be added on either side for increasing the isolation by five STC points. Basically the mass has to be doubled in the assembly each time for achieving significant gains.
With mid, low, and high frequency sound transfer increase of mass will help. The most benefit of low frequency isolation will be from adding mass to assemblies having very little mass.
Sound Resonance
Problems with resonance are most frequently created when decoupling is attempted or when the same type of material is used in many layers. Resolving resonance problems during decoupling is very simple. Creation of more than one air space in any assembly should be avoided. That one air space should be insulated with the proper amount of insulation.
Sound Absorption
Insulation is the material of selection to meet the absorption needs of a ceiling, wall, or floor. Solely the dimensions of the insulation is crucial and not the sort of insulation.
Absorption can facilitate increase isolation within the middle to high frequency ranges, however won’t facilitate to isolate low frequencies and footfall impact noise. The worth of absorption is raised considerably once the assembly is decoupled.
Conduction the Sound
This sound principle is commonly known to as flanking. It is mainly vibrations from transmission of sound through conductive materials into other conductive materials, e.g. plumbing pipes, wood framing, and sheet metal. There is an indirect transmission of sound, so the prediction of transmission loss is difficult, but can be considerable.
There is no easy solution for the question of how to isolate the sound.
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